The steam turbine alignment seminar teaches participants the theory and correct alignment practices for steam turbines generators. Turbine generator synchronization two case studies. Topless alignment services eliminates the time consuming and expensive process of reassembling the turbine for topson measurements, saving hundreds of manhours and labor per turbine section. Various methods of alignment will be addressed including tight wire, laser, eragcat, alignment bar, and lead wire. Gas turbine alignment services dimensional metrology experts. Specialized turbine alignment teams specializing in all aspects of gas and steam turbine inspection, data analysis and alignment. E960 turbine alignment, geometric measurement easylaser. Gas turbine alignment packages origin metrology group, llc. Frequent inspections are particularly important during the initial period for operation of a new turbine or new runner, as they will enable cavitation damage to be detected at an early stage and remedial measures to be effected before pitting becomes extensive. Care has been taken by the authors, pruftechnik ltd, in the preparation of this publication. Shafting alignment computing method of new multibearing rotor.
On large turbine generators, the outer bearings could be up to 25 mm above the leve of the central bearings. The brackets that are used with tightwire alignment kits are an imperative part of the assembly process in a steam turbine because they begin the alignment process before any of the inner components are placed on the turbines rotary bore. Alignment of the shaft necessitates the outer bear ings being raised. Most centerline alignment activities are moved off the critical path, reducing outage duration by days.
The turbine bearings may require addition cold off set to achieve proper alignment at rated. Rotor diameter turbine manufacturers have nominal rotor diameter for their products. Laser measurement of bearing pocket of diesle engines, compressors or gear boxes. The catenary depends solely on the mass and stiffness of the shaft system. The output power of the turbine at steady flow condition is. A guide to properly align and install vertical turbine pumps. Flow path, bearing line, casings laser measurement and alignment of steam and gas turbines. Steam turbine is the widely use as a prime mover in power plants, refineries, petrochemical plants, food processing plants, power plants etc. A practical guide to shaft alignment plant services. Pdf dynamic balancing of 100 mw steam turbine after.
Figure 3 shows the alignment of the turbine generator in cold condition. Our steam turbine portfolio spans across all fuels, from gas and coal to nuclear applications from 100. Much largerchanges in the bearing alignment can be caused by the follow ing operational reasons. An essential component of any successful alignment procedure is the. Jan 01, 2020 tops ontops off diaphragm alignment the end result of a diaphragm alignment is to have all of the diaphragms lined up when the turbine is running. A microgage receiver and display unit were also used for locating the position of the laser beam and providing alignment information for the orientation of the mounts on the turbine system.
The main objective in setting and maintaining rotor alignment is to achieve satisfactory dynamic behaviour of the running shaft line. The system is used for precise alignment of internal elements of rotating machines such as bearing rings, diaphragms, nozzles, inner shells and turbine casings. Proper alignment is the largest factor in determining the life of bearings, seals and couplings. P m h1h2where m is the mass flow of the steam through the turbine and h1 and h2 are specific enthalpy of the steam at inlet respective outlet of the turbine. Vertical turbine pump vtp and driver alignment is critical for extending the serviceable life of the driver, pump bearings and mechanical seal assembly while also providing vibration free service of your installation. Most piano wire rotor alignment kits come with brackets. One the threshold is exceeded, automatic trip of turbine takes place. Particular emphasis will be placed on large steam units. Cumulative stage isentropic enthalpy drop turbine isentropic enthalpy drop.
Best practices for steam turbine maintenance and operation. The following addresses best practices for optimal steam system turbine maintenance and operation. Marine steam turbines operating procedure the steam turbine has until recently been the first choice for very large power marine propulsion units. The new generation laser alignment system centralign ultra has been specifically developed for alignment of steam and gas turbines. Installation of condenser for steam turbine by large block construction 142 site and assembled as the blocks are lifted into position by a crane. This paper explains and shows how to use an electronic level for various applications related to hydrogenerator works. Noles references module 23414 turbine operational problems.
Check and record the alignment between the lp rotor and the generator. Excessive misalignment can affect the vibration behaviour of the multibearing shaft line. The solid particles carried by the exhaust gases are abrasive, leading to uneven erosion of. Installation of condenser for steam turbine by large block. Alignment of turbine to a generator cr4 discussion thread. When contact is made with the tight wire, the pack vibrates and the red light on top of the unit lights continuously. Turbineoverhaulingprocedure siemens recommends birkosit.
Jul 23, 2012 flow path, bearing line, casings laser measurement and alignment of steam and gas turbines. Damian josefsberg from acquip, inc goes through the three basic kinds of steam turbine internal alignment. Aligning a diaphragm in a gas or steam turbine can be a major task. For turbines supplied with options such as forced or circulating lubrication systems, alternative speed control systems. Method for steam turbine halfshell alignment general.
We quickly help you find components that are out of range, require replacement, or improve turbine efficiency using easytoread and customizable data that measures bore center location, radial distances, concentricity, and axial distances. Dynamic balancing of 100 mw steam turbine after removal of last stage blades conference paper pdf available october 2010 with 1,096 reads how we measure reads. Use auxiliary steam to produce vacuum in condenser if its condensing turbine. The real values of critical speeds should be measured at. They must be engineered to withstand the effects of weather, and not create any excessive detrimental forces due to improper assembly. Steam quality steam must be of the highest quality.
Impulse turbine and reaction turbineprinciple, working and. The alignment procedure under this installation require. How to use this manual march 2011 instruction manual 107 revision a dresserrand. In addition was a frame concept developed and evaluated with respect to solid mechanics and alignment of the shaft arrangement. In this article, we see about the impulse turbine and reaction turbineprinciple, working and difference. Condensate entrapment in the steam supply increases turbine steam rates, reduces the steam turbine efficiency, and causes erosion of steam turbine components governor valves, blading, and nozzles. The main and most attractive use of the electronic level in a power plant is to accurately measure the shaft system verticality, eliminating the need for the four. This innovative clip on belt vibrating pack is used in the place of the headset. It is often necessary to deliberately misalign par ticular bearings when cold so that an acceptable ho alignment is achieved. Turbine diaphragm alignment with centralign system2.
Its advantages of little or no vibration, low weight, minimal space requirements and low maintenance costs are considerable. Above 600 rpm rotor relative vibrations should be monitored. Francis turbine virtual tour solidworks 3d cad duration. A method for aligning a component of a steam turbine, comprising the steps of. Our conclusion is that there are good possibilities to install the equipment on a frame and achieve demands due to. Turbine laser alignment with rotalign ultra by pruftechnik duration. Using stateoftheart laser tracker solutions, schaeffer precision alignment provides dimensional measurement expertise for gas turbine systems across a broad range of industries. The detector is placed on three points and the beam is adjusted to the axial reference plane determined by these. Steam turbine alignment services dimensional metrology experts.
The brackets that are used with tightwire alignment kits are an imperative part of the assembly process in a steam turbine because they begin the alignment process before any of the inner components are placed on the turbine s rotary bore. Consider the steam turbine shown in the cycle above. Steam turbinegenerator overhaul and inspection guidelines. Consider a multistage turbine as shown by the mollier diagram,fig. Our customengineered alignment process eliminates the use of traditional optical alignment methods. Inserted into the empty packing groove, the concentricity alignment tool cat allows annular space variations to be displayed on a lcd display as it is pulled through the packing groove as shown. The shafting of large steam turbine generator set is composed of several rotors which are connected by couplings.
Steam consumption of steam turbine is depending to required output power and efficiency of the turbine. Turn on lubeoil pumps and check oil flow and pressures across bearings. We employ custom engineered methods for alignments, rebuilds, and problem solving that help reduce turbine outages and improve operational efficiency. Over the last 100 years, ge has manufactured and installed a worldwide fleet of steam turbines. Monitoring points as seen left areeasily installed in the concrete decksurrounding the turbine. Preliminary study of a frame for a two module turbine system. Easylaser e960 turbine alignment systems make the measurement and. All of the diaphragm centers have to sit at a certain horizontal and vertical deviation from a reference line to within 0. Measure and record the exact values at the rear bearing. Dec 30, 2016 turbine laser alignment with rotalign ultra by pruftechnik duration. The deposited material can be removed or displaced just as unevenly by various mechanisms including turbine washing. A guide to wind turbine alignment wind systems magazine. By gathering data at the generator couplings the measurement process establishes a center point location.
Instruction manual for single stage 350, 500, and 700 frame steam turbines manual 107a. The head rub bars ride on the turbine shaft and the head lever arm rides on the id of the diaphragm. Wind turbines are attached to the tops of tall masts, often several hundred feet in the air. Instruction manual for single stage 350, 500, and 700. On large turbinegenerators, the outer bearings could be up to 25 mm above the leve of the central bearings.
Reduce steam and gas turbine outage using laser alignment. The purpose of this tutorial is to highlight important items that must be done prior to the final alignment adjustment, as well as to provide some details of the final alignment procedure. Efficiency will depend on turbine size or rotor diameter, blade geometries, speed, extreme condition of steam and other losses. The steam turbine alignment seminar teaches participants the theory and correct alignment practices for steam turbinesgenerators. Nonnally, the residual misalignment has a negligible effect onrotorvibra tion. Precision alignment is the process of making the two shafts colinear under normal operating conditions. In addition, foreign objects in the gas flow may hit and damage turbine blades or the compressor wheel. Tops ontops off diaphragm alignment the end result of a diaphragm alignment is to have all of the diaphragms lined up when the turbine is running. Properly aligned shafts are able to spin freely and not. With inservice machines, this is more often induced via preloads due to thermal expansion and problems in the supports instead. For the su2 project we adopted a different approach. For the alignment to be successful, both the equipment and the overall system must be property designed, and the installation must be well done.
Pinpoints engineering team draws on many years of experience designing and fabricating mounts and fixtures. The alignment is arranged so that the shaft system has minimum bending moments at the shaft couplings. Misalignment occurs from inadequacies in correct align ment of the rotors across the coupling. Thermal andor mechanical deformations of the turbine casings. Our steam turbines equip 41% of the worlds combinedcycle plants, 30% of fossil power plants, and 50% of the worlds nuclear power plants. When measurement is complete it is pos sible to generate a pdf report containing graphs and measurement data directly in the measurement systems display. When you visit clarion events and our family of websites, we use cookies to process your personal data in order to customize content and. Otsstt001 day 4 steam turbine maintenance system maintenance repair procedures visit to oel workshop to witness bearing repair steam turbine alignment causes of misalignment types of misalignment pre alignment checks reverse alignment day 5 steam turbine alignment laser alignment hot alignment. In this article, we see about the impulse turbine and reaction turbine principle, working and difference.
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